The C++ standard says it must, but some badly-configured toolchains seem
to be lacking support.

In particular, for some 32-bit platforms without native support for
them, GCC implements 64-bit atomics via out-of-line functions in
libatomic. If that library is missing... well, then std::atomic 64-bit
doesn't work and we mustn't try to use it.

This was found when trying to compile Qt 5.6 for MIPS 32-bit:

Linking library libQt5Core.so.5.6.0
.obj/qsimd.o: In function `std::__atomic_base<unsigned long long>::load(std::memory_order) const':
/opt/poky/1.7/sysroots/mips32r2-poky-linux/usr/include/c++/4.9.1/bits/atomic_base.h:500: undefined reference to `__atomic_load_8'
.obj/qsimd.o: In function `std::__atomic_base<unsigned long long>::store(unsigned long long, std::memory_order)':
/opt/poky/1.7/sysroots/mips32r2-poky-linux/usr/include/c++/4.9.1/bits/atomic_base.h:478: undefined reference to `__atomic_store_8'

Yocto bug report: https://bugzilla.yoctoproject.o...